Exploring the Therapeutic Benefits of Ocimum sanctum and their Enhancement via Nanotechnology

Abstract: Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum) has been recognized for its remedial properties in traditional healing practices, with research emphasizing its cancer-fighting abilities. Nanotechnology has recently made strides to improve the absorption, effectiveness, and precise delivery of plant-based compounds, including their extracts. The present study involved an extensive review of scientific literature sourced from reputable databases, including Elsevier, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and PubMed. Epidemiological and statistical data related to cancer were retrieved from official databases of recognized health authorities. Relevant findings from peer-reviewed original research articles were critically analyzed to substantiate the therapeutic potential of Ocimum sanctum (tulsi), particularly in the context of recent advancements in nanotechnology for combating life-threatening cancers. The objective of this study was to explore the significant potential of Ocimum sanctum and its phytoconstituent-mediated nanoparticles in treating cancers. The review has demonstrated how tulsi-loaded nanoparticles can trigger cancer cell death, inhibit angiogenesis, and prevent tumor growth and metastasis. Moreover, it has also highlighted the chemopreventive properties of tulsi and its phytoconstituents in the anticancer mechanism of developed nanoparticles. Nanoparticles with their tremendous properties, including dimensions, surface characteristics, and ability to cross cell membranes, offer a promising method to improve the therapeutic effects of tulsi. When combined with nanoparticles, it has not only been shown to possess a marvelous ability to treat cancer, but also to be effective against various diseases through exhibiting a synergistic effect, thereby enhancing therapeutic efficacy and bioavailability. The integration of tulsi and nanotechnology represents a promising frontier in cancer treatment. The unique bioactive compounds of tulsi can be effectively harnessed through nanotechnology to enhance their delivery, targeting, and bioavailability, thus resulting in improved therapeutic outcomes. Hence, this review has made an attempt to impart comprehensive information regarding the enhanced and synergistic anticancer activities of tulsi-mediated nanoparticles.