Species concepts in the psyllid genus Camarotoscena (Hemiptera, Psylloidea) associated with Populus (Salicaceae)

The temperate Palaearctic genus Camarotoscena (Liviidae, Liviinae) is revised to contain 10 species confirming previous morphology-based species concepts. The results of the molecular analyses were only partly conclusive, as the barcoding genes used ( COI and cytb ) did not provide sufficient resolution to recognise all species. Both markers showed no differences between the taxa in two species pairs: C. fulgidipennis – C. hoberlandti and C. speciosa – C. subrubescens , while cytb also failed to distinguish C. trjapitzini from C. fulgidipennis – C. hoberlandti . Morphological characters of fifth instar immatures, available for half of the species, supported the species diagnosed by adult characters. Five new synonymies are proposed: Camarotoscena subrubescens (Flor 1861b) = C. ujenci Klimaszewski (1982), syn. nov. ; Camarotoscena bianchii Loginova (1975b) = C. pamirica Baeva (1983a), syn. nov. , = C. wulingshanica Li (2011), syn. nov. , = C. wutaishanica Li (2011), syn. nov. , = C. xinjiangica Li (2011), syn. nov. The previously unknown female of C. lauta is diagnosed and its terminalia are illustrated. Illustrated identification keys are provided for the adults and, where known, for the fifth instar immatures. New country records are provided for C. fulgidipennis (India: Ladakh), C. hoberlandti (India: Ladakh), C. lauta (Turkey: Ankara) and C. trjapitzini (Iran: Tehran, Yazd; Spain). The record of C. hoberlandti from Jordan is a misidentification of C. trjapitzini . All species are, as far as known, narrowly oligophagous on Populus spp. (Salicaceae), and the immatures induce leaf roll galls.