Radiological study of using Bioactive Glass and Acacia Gum in Repairing Segmental Radius Bone Defects in Rabbits

The current work aims to assess the effectiveness of bioactive glass mixed with acacia gum implants for the treatment of radial bone defects in rabbits. Under general anesthesia, an ostectomy was performed at the distal shaft of the radius for inducing a segmental bone defect in the rabbit model. The experiment randomly allocated into two equal groups of 15 each. Firstly, in the control group, a 10-mm section of the distal shaft of the left radius bone was without treatment. The second group, the treated group, had the defect filled with a bioactive glass mix and acacia gum at the defective site. The clinical investigation demonstrated no signs of immunological reaction or any inflammatory signs. Radiographic examination evaluate the stability of the bioactive glasses along the period of study, and it integrates with the ends of bone fractures with less periosteal reaction in addition to a gradual reduction in the defect site and density of the bioactive glass implant edge due to the degradation of crystalline particles that reveals both osteoconductive and osteogenic properties that appear in the treated group rather than in the control group that submitted non-healing due to the critical size and the bone characteristic by synostosis or cross-union between the radius and ulna. In conclusion, bioactive glass is a promising material for segmental bone defect repair, offering a biocompatible and effective alternative to traditional grafts, and no adverse effect was recorded in the study.