Multimodal Ultrasound Manifestations of a Central Intraductal Papilloma at the Nipple and Its Causes of Misdiagnosis: A Case Report

Intraductal papillomas (IPs) are tumors arising from the ductal epithelial cells of the breast. Common symptoms associated with IPs include serous or serosanguineous nipple discharge and palpable masses. We present a case involving a 59-year-old female patient who experienced papillary lesions and nipple discharge for 20 years. Diagnostic imaging for this patient included mammography, conventional ultrasound, and contrast-enhanced ultrasound, which revealed an irregular and poorly defined mass at the right nipple. The ultrasound findings raised the possibility of Paget's disease of the breast, while a biopsy of the right papillary neoplasm confirmed the diagnosis of an IP. The presentation of an IP as a neoplasm is uncommon. This article primarily discusses rare cases and examines multimodal ultrasound manifestations to enhance the predictive accuracy of diagnosing both benign and malignant breast lesions, thereby reducing the rate of misdiagnosis.