Antidiabetic and Histopathological Effects of Two Herbal Formulations on Albino Wistar Rats

This study evaluated antidiabetic and histopathological effects of two herbal formulations ‘B-Gludecon’ and ‘B-Glupocon’ on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (40 mg/kg/b.wt.). Sixty-six Wister albino rats were placed into eleven cages containing 6 rats per cage, and fasted for 12 hours before induction of diabetes. The diabetic rats in groups A-C were orally dosed daily with B-Gludecon for 10 days, and those in groups D-F were given B-Glupocon at 250, 500, and 750 mg/kg. Groups G-I rats had the standard drug Metformin at 250, 500, and 750 mg/kg oral doses, in contrast, groups J rats were diabetic without treatment (negative control) and group K rats received distilled water (positive control). The fasting blood sugar levels were determined at the intervals of 72 hours, 144 hours and 240 hours using the Accu-Check glucometer and recorded before sacrifice. The kidney and liver were harvested for histopathological analysis.   The results showed that B-Gludecon and B-Glupocon at 500 mg/kg had better significant hypoglycemic effects than metformin (p ≤ 0.05), lowering the concentration of glucose in the blood by 83.24% and 88.22%, respectively. Histopathological analysis revealed that B-Glupocon was more potent in restoring the architectural distortions of the hepatic and renal tissues observed in the diabetic rats. Conclusively, these findings suggest that B-Glupocon and B-Gludecon may be useful in the prevention and treatment of diabetes, and further investigations are necessary to fully explore their therapeutic potential.