A Novel Object Detection Model Using Gazelle White Shark Optimization With Enhanced <scp>FRCNN</scp>

ABSTRACT Object detection has gradually developed into a popular research area because of the rife use of Remote Sensing Images (RSIs) in military and civil domains. However, complex backgrounds and problems with small items are the two biggest obstacles in object detection. Deep learning techniques have a significant advantage for object detection over conventional methods that rely on manually derived characteristics, and they have a lot of attention. Due to the wide range of objects and complex visual backgrounds in RSIs, current deep‐learning algorithms in the area of RSI object detection leave much to be desired. For this case, algorithms need to be specifically optimized. In this paper, a novel optimization‐driven Enhanced Faster Region Convolutional Neural Network (FRCNN) is proposed for object detection. This approach has five modules, namely pre‐processing, data augmentation, segmentation, feature extraction, and object detection. The detection process is performed using Enhanced FRCNN and it is trained by the proposed Gazelle White Shark Optimization Algorithm (GWSOA). Extensive experiments in high‐resolution RSI data sets have exposed the efficacy of the proposed approach. The novel approach achieved better accuracy of 97.31%, Mean Average Precision (MAP) of 97.85%, precision of 97.76%, recall of 96.16%, F ‐score of 95.78%, and error rate of 2.69.