Site suitability evaluation for ecotourism using geographic information system (GIS) and analytical hierarchy process (AHP) in Aroresa and Chire districts, Southern Ethiopia

The significance of ecotourism has gained increasing recognition due to its contributions to environmental conservation and sustainable development. This study aims to identify potential sites for ecotourism development in the Aroresa and Chire districts, Sidama Region. A combination of field observations, key informant interviews, and spatial data analysis was used to identify the main ecotourism resources and assess the suitability of potential sites. River, land use land cover, natural attraction, elevation, road, slope, rainfall, temperature, and cultural attraction were used to prepare the criteria maps. Geographic information and remote sensing software were used to evaluate the site for ecotourism. The analytical hierarchy process was also applied to derive the relative weights of criteria maps, followed by a weighted overlay analysis to generate the final suitability map. The findings indicate that the districts are endowed with a wealth of natural, cultural, and historical attractions, including diverse flora and fauna, scenic landscapes, waterfalls, wetlands, and cultural heritage sites. The suitability analysis showed that a considerable portion of the districts (65.5% in Aroresa and 82.8% in Chire) are moderately suitable for ecotourism, with smaller areas being highly suitable (9.1% in Aroresa and 6.1% in Chire) or marginally suitable. The researchers recommend that decision-makers prioritize the promotion and development of these identified ecotourism potentials and suitable sites to foster the growth of ecotourism destinations, thereby contributing to environmental conservation and sustainable development in the region.