Coexistence of Calcification and Lipids: A Hidden Barrier to Optimal Stent Expansion

whereas concentric lesions allow larger lumens and better expansion. 2The high prevalence of plaques in calcified lesions further suggests that intensive lipid-lowering therapy could improve PCI outcomes.In conclusion, optimal expansion in severely calcified lesions not only meticulous calcium modification, but also recognition and management of surrounding tissue, including plaque.Integrating plaque characterization into procedural planning, combined with aggressive lipidlowering therapy, may enhance both procedural success and long-term outcomes in this high-risk population.