Visual communication design in laboratory safety effectiveness and optimization of warning signs

This study proposes a comprehensive framework for evaluating and optimizing laboratory warning sign systems, grounded in the principles of visual communication design, cognitive psychology, and safety management. A mixed-methods experimental design involving 120 participants was employed, integrating eye-tracking analysis, comprehension and memory assessments, and behavioral response evaluations. The results identified key factors contributing to the effectiveness of warning signs, including color contrast ratio, symbol standardization, and information hierarchy. A validated optimization procedure was developed, emphasizing visual detectability, information organization, and contextual relevance. It led to significant improvements in attention capture (35.9%), hazard detection accuracy (42.3%), and procedural compliance (37.8%). Evidence-based design specifications for laboratory warning signs were established to balance standardization requirements with the need for contextual adaptation across diverse laboratory environments. These specifications were further validated through a case study conducted at Fujian University of Technology, demonstrating the effective translation of theoretical frameworks into enhanced safety communication practices.