Platelet Glycoprotein VI Inhabitable MXene-Incorporated Fibrous Scaffolds for Preventing Tumor Progression and Metastasis

Postoperative recurrence and metastasis remain major causes of mortality in breast cancer due to residual tumor cells and complex metastatic processes. Here, we develop an NIR-responsive MXene-based scaffold that integrates antiplatelet therapy, chemotherapy, and photothermal therapy for postoperative intervention. The scaffold is fabricated by printing sodium alginate, gelatin methacryloyl, and MXene into CaCl2 solution followed by UV cross-linking. Benefiting from the photothermal capacity of MXene nanosheets, the scaffold enables efficient photothermal conversion and NIR-triggered drug release. Incorporation of the platelet glycoprotein (GPVI) inhibitor evobrutinib disrupts platelet–tumor interactions, thereby suppressing epithelial–mesenchymal transition and tumor invasion. In vivo, the scaffold provides sustained doxorubicin release and photothermal ablation to inhibit residual tumor growth while reducing lung metastasis through GPVI blockade. Transcriptomic analysis further confirms that the scaffold impedes tumor progression by modulating platelet activation and angiogenesis. This multifunctional platform offers a promising strategy for preventing postoperative breast cancer recurrence and metastasis.