Effectiveness of Demonstration-Observation-Assistance-Performance (DOAP) Versus Video-Assisted Learning (VAL) for Obstetric Examination Skills Among Phase 3 Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) Students

While both DOAP and VAL are effective for teaching obstetric examination skills, the DOAP method may offer additional benefits in terms of skill performance and student confidence. In contrast, while VAL offers the advantages of flexibility and visual reinforcement, it may not fully replicate the interactive and practical experiences provided by DOAP. We should consider combining both methods to maximize learning outcomes for phase 3 MBBS students.