Anticoagulant Potential of the Isolate with Green Solvents from Prosthechea karwinskii

Prosthechea karwinskii is an orchid endemic to Mexico used for medicinal purposes. The objective of this study was to determine the anticoagulant potential ex vivo of the extract isolated using green solvents. Coagulometric assays were performed to evaluate the anticoagulant activity: activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), and thrombin time (TT). For each assay, different concentrations of the extract were evaluated (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5, 5.5, 7.5, and 8.5 mg/mL) using platelet-poor plasma from healthy donors. The P. karwinskii leaves extract showed an anticoagulant effect by significantly prolonging (p < 0.05) the APTT and TT from a concentration of 3.5 and 2.5 mg/mL, respectively, compared to basal. The anticoagulant activity was concentration dependent. In addition, the hydroethanolic extract of P. karwinskii leaves inhibited factor XI activity by 86.10 ± 2.3%. The compounds in the extract were identified by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization and quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-qTOF-MS/MS). The compounds identified were quinic acid, malic acid, succinic acid, L (-)-phenylalanine, guanosine, neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, rutin, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, pinellic acid, and embelin.