Mining Activities in Iron Ore Areas Have Altered the Diversity and Functional Structure of Rhizosphere Bacterial Communities in Three Crops

The mechanisms by which iron ore mining activities affect the surrounding rhizobacterial ecology remain unclear. This study employed 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing to analyze the structure and function of rhizosphere bacterial communities associated with three local crops, <i>Musa basjoo</i> Siebold L., <i>Triticum aestivum</i> L., and <i>Amygdalus persica</i> L., in mining areas. It is noteworthy that in the iron mining area, the relative abundance of <i>Sphingomonas</i> and <i>Nitrososphaeraceae</i> in the soil has decreased. In contrast, the relative abundance of <i>Streptomyces</i> in the rhizosphere soil has increased due to mining activities. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the abundance of <i>Sphingomonas</i> is significantly positively correlated with the soil organic carbon content. Redundancy analysis (RDA) indicates that <i>Streptomyces</i> exhibits a significant positive correlation with soil titanium and pH content, while showing a negative correlation with iron and lead content.