Rapid detection and genomic characterisation of feline chaphamaparvovirus in southwestern China

ObjectivesThis study aimed to develop a sensitive detection method and investigate feline chaphamaparvovirus (FeChPV) in cats from southwestern China.MethodsA SYBR Green I-based qPCR assay targeting the VP1 gene was established and validated. It was then applied to 87 feline diarrhoeic faecal samples (2021-2023). Near-full-length genomes of positive samples were sequenced for phylogenetic, structural and selection analysis.ResultsThe qPCR assay showed high sensitivity (50.9 copies/μl) and reproducibility (coefficient of variation <4.0%). FeChPv was detected in 22/87 (25.3%) cats with diarrhoea. Four strains shared 97.6-99.5% identity with global isolates and formed a distinct clade within Asian lineages. A consistent valine-to-isoleucine mutation at VP1-340 was identified under positive selection, which can induce conformational changes.Conclusions and relevanceWe provide a reliable tool for the detection of FeChPV and reveal unique evolutionary features of local strains, supporting further research into its pathogenesis and spread.