Multi-Objective Optimization of Power Generation Systems in Developing Advanced Natural Gas-Fired Power Plants

The paper proposes a multi-objective approach for optimizing the structure of electric power generation amid tightening requirements for the energy efficiency and environmental safety of power systems. The study identifies relevant directions for improving advanced natural gas-fired power plants. An algorithm for the multi-objective optimization of the power generation structure has been developed, based on the sequential application of mathematical tools such as principal component analysis, Pareto optimization, and the entropy-based TOPSIS method. It has been established that under the model’s given constraints, the share of highly efficient energy complexes in Pareto-optimal generation structures typically does not exceed 40% of the total generating capacity, while the share of low-carbon complexes does not exceed 60%. Furthermore, as the energy planning horizon extends, the share of carbon-free energy complexes in the most efficient generation structures increases, reaching 51% with the introduction of generating capacity in 2031, and 92% with a system commissioning date in 2035. The proposed methodology enables a quantitative analysis of the evolution of the optimal electric power generation structure over time, highlighting a priority pathway for the development of sustainable energy.