Exploring entry pathways of microorganisms into an anatomical dissection course

Anatomical dissection courses are central to medical education. Despite advances in fixation techniques, cadavers remain vulnerable to microbial contamination. Thus, we aimed to assess microbial entry pathways and discuss mitigation strategies in a dissection course setting. Microbial load assessments were performed using sedimentation and contact plate sampling at various points, including doorknobs, gown sleeves, and air inside the dissection hall. Airborne microbial loads were significantly lower under laminar airflow systems compared to areas without controlled air supply, particularly near sinks and entryways (median 17.0 vs. 51.0 CFUs/4 h). The airborne microbial load was significantly lower during unoccupied times compared to dissection hours (median 2.5 vs. 44.0 CFUs/4 h). The dissection hall doorknob showed increased microbial counts after use on 4 of 6 days, though levels remained below critical thresholds. Gown sleeves had a variable but overall low microbial load. Our study suggests that controlled air supply is a key factor for reduced microbial loads. In contrast, the risk of microbial transmission via the doorknobs is negligible. The microbial load on gown sleeves was comparable to that of clean hospital laundry. Future studies should monitor microbial loads on cadaver surfaces to clarify contamination dynamics and refine hygiene protocols.