Organic Light‐Emitting Diode in Phototherapy Applications

After decades of development, organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) technology has matured significantly. OLED displays are now ubiquitous in consumer electronics and household appliances. As another major application branch, OLED lighting has also entered the automotive market. Futhermore, owing to its inherent characteristics such as a surface light source, thinness, and flexibility, OLEDs demonstrate unique advantages for phototherapy and attract growing research interest. Clinical studies validate the efficacy of OLEDs in both photobiomodulation and photodynamic therapy. However, to unlock their full potential, key challenges regarding the emission wavelength range, optical power density, and mechanical flexibility must be addressed, as they currently limit therapeutic scope. Future advancements may enable precise spatial control for targeted therapy, while integration with photodetectors could facilitate combined diagnosis and treatment. This review comprehensively outlines OLED applications in phototherapy, identifies current challenges, and discusses future prospects, providing valuable insights for the field's development.