DNA Nanostructure‐Guided Synthesis of Nanomaterials and Their Applications

DNA template‐assisted chemical reactions have been of great significance in the fabrication of materials with surface topographic features by restricting the conformation or orientation of the reactants. The past few decades have witnessed DNA nanostructures as promising candidates for materials synthesis. Using exquisite DNA nanostructures as templates, chemical synthesis of inorganic nanomaterials, polymers, or liposomes can be programmed with unprecedented accuracy and flexibility. This review summarizes the state‐of‐the‐art progress on the synthesis of nanomaterials based on DNA templates. We will provide an overview of a brief classification of inorganic nanomaterials, and organic polymers or liposomes synthesized by DNA templates, and address the advantages and uniqueness of DNA nanostructures in these nanomaterials synthesis. After that, we will introduce several emerging applications of these nanomaterials benefiting from the structural and spatial control by the surface of DNA nanostructures. Finally, the summary and perspectives are provided regarding the future development of nanomaterials with diverse structures and functions through the assisted synthesis of DNA nanostructure surface.