Information security behavior of healthcare professionals in the Sultanate of Oman based on the PMT model

Protecting sensitive information is critical in healthcare. Healthcare professionals (HCPs) must adhere to information security rules to safeguard patient information and maintain the integrity of healthcare systems. This study explores the impact of the Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) on the information security behavior of HCPs in the Sultanate of Oman's MOH hospitals. This study uses a quantitative research design to assess information security behaviors of HCPs using PMT factors, including perceived severity, perceived vulnerability, maladaptive rewards, response efficacy, self-efficacy, and response costs. A standardized questionnaire was used to collect data from a sample of HCPs in MOH hospitals in the Sultanate. The study found that perceived severity and response efficacy significantly influence HCPs' motivation to engage in secure practices. Maladaptive rewards did not affect security behavior, likely due to a robust organizational culture and effective training programs. Response costs positively influenced security behaviors, suggesting that effective communication, balancing response costs, and leveraging organizational culture can foster a more substantial commitment to information security. The study highlights the importance of threat and coping appraisal in HCPs' security protocols, emphasizing the need for tailored interventions and ongoing education to foster a security culture.