Biological Response of Plants to Thermally Active Coal Mine Spoil Heap Substrates Toxicity: Upper Silesian Region in Czech Republic and Poland, Examples Comparison

This study assessed the ecotoxicity of substrates from two hard coal heaps originating from the currently thermally active Ema heap in the Czech Republic and Czerwionka heap in Poland. Semi-chronic and contact tests were used to determine the ecotoxicity of the substrates, with germination and root inhibition of five plant species (Avena sativa L., Sinapis alba L., Brassica napus L., Lepidium sativum L. and Lactuca sativa L.). Acute toxicity occurred in thermally active areas, and similar risks were observed in both heaps. The results of the ecotoxicological assessments indicate the possibility of ecological remediation of brownfields after the cessation of thermal activity.