Comparison of quadriceps femoris properties, surface electromyography parameters and foot posture asymmetries between patients with unilateral and bilateral knee osteoarthritis

Both unilateral and bilateral patients with KOA exhibited a propensity for asymmetry in the properties of the QF, RMS values, and foot postures on both sides. Notably, unilateral patients tended to demonstrate this asymmetry more prominently and exhibit a higher prevalence of foot posture asymmetry compared to those bilateral patients. Furthermore, the degree of foot posture asymmetry was closely linked to pain severity and K/L grading whether in unilateral or bilateral KOA patients.