Technical note: Apportionment of Southeast Asian biomass burning and urban influence via in situ trace gas enhancement ratios

Abstract. Correlations in airborne in situ gas enhancement ratios of CH4 to CO from the 2019 Cloud, Aerosol and Monsoon Processes Philippines Experiment (CAMP2Ex) field project over the Sulu, Philippine, and South China Seas were used to distinguish air masses with predominantly biomass burning, urban, or mixed influence, and identifying contributions from differing urban sources. Two approaches were created to produce a final data flag: one using a singular background for CO and CH4 enhancement ratios and another determining enhancement ratios via linear regression of 4 min bins along the timeseries. HYSPLIT back trajectory analysis was used to identify air mass origins, and the resulting source regimes were examined for differences in ozone, reactive nitrogen, and aerosol chemical composition. ΔO3/ΔCO enhancement ratios were observed to be constant between urban source regimes, yet ΔNOy/ΔCO enhancement ratios differed across these regimes. For biomass burning sources, enhancement ratios in ΔO3/ΔCO were over a factor of two lower than those reported by previous studies in this region. Organic aerosol mass fractions were observed to be 2–3 times higher in biomass burning influenced regimes compared to urban regimes. This technique represents a simple yet powerful approach for separating emission influences in a chemically complex environment that enables identification and characterization of emission sources using exclusively routine measurements that can be accomplished with commonly available instrumentation.