Hierarchical Quantum Secret Sharing Protocol Based on Disentangler and Isometric Transformation

ABSTRACT Quantum secret sharing aims to securely distribute private information among multiple participants, such that only authorized subsets can collaboratively reconstruct the secret. However, current research remains largely exploratory, and most existing protocols are limited to sharing low‐dimensional quantum states and lack hierarchical capabilities. To overcome these limitations, we propose a novel hierarchical quantum secret sharing protocol with identity authentication. Specifically, we construct ‐dimensional disentangler and isometric transformation operations. These are applied to compress arbitrary ‐dimensional entangled states, with each compression corresponding to one hierarchical level. For a given hierarchical participant structure, the entangled particles of the compressed states are allocated as secret shares among the participants. Authorized participants within the same level collaboratively reconstruct the original quantum state using the conjugate transposes of disentangler operations and isometric transformations. Security analysis confirms the protocols resilience against common attacks, including intercept‐resend, entangle‐measure, and dishonest participant attacks. Compared with existing similar protocols, our scheme demonstrates superior performance in terms of quantum efficiency and other metrics.