Key barriers to GIS adoption for safety management in the Zimbabwean construction industry

Following years of hyperinflation, Zimbabwe’s construction industry has grown rapidly since 2017, often without adequate safety measures, resulting in increased injuries and fatalities. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have globally transformed safety management in construction, yet their adoption in Zimbabwe remains limited. While existing literature highlights general barriers to advanced technology uptake in developing countries, specific impediments to GIS adoption in Zimbabwe are underexplored. This study investigates the key barriers to GIS implementation for safety management in Zimbabwe’s construction sector. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative data from 86 professionals, including project managers, engineers, architects, and safety officers, via a web-based survey, with qualitative insights from 12 in-depth interviews. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics, particularly principal factor analysis, while qualitative data were examined thematically. Four major barrier components emerged, namely industry fragmentation and resource constraints; standardisation, legal, and user preference issues; management-related challenges, and technological complexity and security concerns. The study recommends government intervention through supportive legal frameworks, infrastructure development, and financial incentives to promote GIS adoption. In addition, awareness campaigns via workshops and conferences are essential to support professional engagement. Given the moderate sample size, findings are indicative rather than generalisable but offer valuable insights for enhancing construction safety through GIS in Zimbabwe.