Nanoemulgel Systems for Improved Wound Healing: Mechanisms, Formulation Strategies, Challenges, and Future Directions

Abstract: Nanoemulgel systems are a valuable pharmaceutical delivery system for enhancing the topical delivery and clinical outcomes of many APIs in specific applications for skin-related therapies, such as wound care. The combination of nanoemulsions and hydrogels in these systems offers higher bioavailability, increased skin absorption, and a reduced risk of skin irritation compared to the respective standard formulations. During this encapsulation step, drugs are sealed into extra-fine oil droplets, each less than 100 nm in diameter, suspended in a hydrogel matrix. This allows the drug to be released slowly and penetrate the skin more easily. Advanced methods of emulsification (ultrasonication) provide the possibility of creating strong nanoemulsions with a size of less than 100 nm. When prepared, these nanoemulsions are mixed with biocompatible, gel-forming agents such as Carbopol® 940, forming stable, generally user-friendly gels that adhere very well to the skin. Several investigations have confirmed that nanoemulgel systems significantly enhance treatment effectiveness, particularly in accelerating wound healing processes. However, the effective market introduction of nanoemulgel systems will likely be hindered by issues such as cost, regulatory compliance, and the scalability of the technology. However, when the correct solutions are applied, the potential of nanoemulgel systems in facilitating superior therapeutic effects is immense. The following article reviews several techniques for preparation, mechanisms, main challenges, and potential solutions of nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems for topical application, with the hope of revealing their prospects for the future.