Preparation and study of PVA/PANI nanocomposite films properties doped with metal oxides using spectroscopic analysis techniques

This current study investigates the optical properties of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyaniline (PANI), their 50:50 blend, and nanocomposite films doped with CuO and Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles. They were prepared using the casting method and the prepared films were tested using UV-Vis absorption spectra. The results revealed that pure PVA showed low absorbance, reflecting its transparent nature. PANI results demonstrated higher absorbance due to its conjugated 𝜋-electron system. The prepared PVA: PANI blend showed synergistic effects with enhanced absorbance in the UV region due to 𝜋 → 𝜋 ∗ transitions and the formation of polarons from protonated PANI. Our results indicated that doping with nanoparticles further increased the absorbance through localized surface plasmon resonance effects. Moreover, transmission decreased with doping, especially in the UV region, due to enhanced scattering and absorption. The absorption coefficient was higher in the PVA: PANI blend, with doping introducing localized energy states and reducing the optical band gap. Our results highlight the potential of synthesized nanocomposites to use in different optoelectronic applications.