Prevalence of Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Iron Deficiency Anemia and CKD Introduction

Background: Cognitive impairment is highly prevalent among the population with chronic kidney disease. Even in early stages, it has been described as occurring in 10% of cases, and in more advanced stages, it can reach up to 50%.. Understanding the prevalence of cognitive impairment and the most affected domains on the MoCA Test in the population with chronic kidney disease could help better characterize this comorbidity and identify areas of opportunity to prevent further cognitive decline and its progression to dementia. Methods: Cross-sectional study of adult patients with anemia asocida a deficit de hierrro and CKD. Variables clinical, biochemical, and MoCA Test were analyzed and Pearson correlation was realized. A p-value<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 47 adult patients were analyzed (68% females). The average age was 56.1 ± 14.5, 55% of patients with CKD 4 and 45% CKD, mean Hb 11.12 ± 1.1, TSI 18.8 ± 6.8, MCV 87.6 ± 6.41, MCH 29.7 ± 2.6 and median Ferritin 95.65 (3.9 – 789). 36% of patients had Hb <11 mg/dL. The distribution by educational level was 45% had ≤6 years of schooling, 21% between 79 years of schooling and 34% of patients had ≥10 years of schooling. 23% had a MoCA score >26 (normal), 49% with mild impairment, 25% with moderate impairment, and only 2% with severe impairment. Conclusion: In our study, which included a Mexican population with chronic kidney disease in stages 3b and 4 and anemia associated with absolute iron deficiency, cognitive impairment was present in 77%. According to the MoCA test, patients with chronic kidney disease in stages 3b and 4 had greater impairment in the visual-executive domains. In turn, the domain with the greatest preservation was orientation