Analysis of the Electrical and Optical Properties of Polyaniline/Graphene Oxide/Metal Oxides Nanocomposites

This study investigates the electrical and optical properties of polyaniline (PANI) composites incorporating graphene oxide (GO) and metal oxides such as tin dioxide (SnO₂) and tungsten trioxide (WO₃). The addition of GO improves charge transport due to its high surface area and conductive nature. Moreover, SnO₂ contributes to stabilizing the electrical conductivity of the composites over time, while WO₃ introduces frequency-dependent charge-trapping behavior that influences dynamic electrical responses. Optically, GO modifies the bandgap and enhances UV-visible light absorption through improved photon interaction. SnO₂ improves the spectral stability of the composites, and WO₃ fine-tunes the wavelength-dependent optical response by selectively interacting with incident light. The key novelty of this research lies in the synergistic integration of GO with both SnO₂ and WO₃ within the PANI matrix, which allows for a simultaneous and balanced enhancement of both electrical and optical properties. This multifaceted improvement results in nanocomposites with strong potential applications in advanced technologies. The findings suggest promising use in optoelectronic devices, chemical sensors, and printed electronic systems, thereby supporting the development of multifunctional materials for next-generation smart technologies.