Modulating the lung–gut axis: A randomized controlled trial of Xie Bai Zeng Ye decoction on intestinal flora and mucosal immunity in children with post-infectious cough

This exploratory study suggests that XBZY may be a promising treatment option for children with post-infectious cough characterized by lung heat and Yin deficiency. Compared with Montelukast Sodium, XBZY demonstrated superior short-term improvements in cough resolution, symptom relief, quality of life, intestinal barrier function, and gut microbiota modulation, while maintaining good safety. These findings highlight the potential role of the lung-gut axis in pediatric respiratory care and support the integration of TCM-based strategies; however, larger, blinded, and longer-term studies are needed to validate these results and assess their broader clinical applicability.