Typical simulation and operational analysis of transient stability in high-penetration renewable energy power systems

This paper addresses transient stability issues in high-penetration renewable energy power systems by constructing a unified electromechanical/electromagnetic transient model that integrates grid-following/grid-forming renewable energy units, flexible DC systems, and energy storage devices. The study reveals the multi-timescale control interactions between renewable energy and grid dynamics. Through simulations of standard case scenarios, stability evolution patterns under varying penetration levels, control modes, and hybrid AC/DC configurations are analyzed. Key findings include: (1) Parameter matching of grid-forming devices and reactive power support capabilities are critical for maintaining synchronization stability and suppressing transient overvoltage; (2) Coordinated optimization of renewable frequency response and energy storage enhances frequency stability; (3) Voltage stability constraints dominate system hosting capacity under high-penetration scenarios. The research provides theoretical support for the stable operation and optimal control of modern power systems.