Large-Scale Production and Therapeutic Evaluation of Exosomes for Cancer Treatment

This study comprises a progress about a scalable bioprocess platform for the efficient production, purification, and functional validation of THP-1-derived exosomes. The optimized stirred-tank bioreactor and cross-flow ultrafiltration system significantly improved exosome yield and purity, enabling the quantities required for preclinical applications. Functionally, the resulting exosomes demonstrated potent antitumor effects in 3D tumor models, supporting their potential use as immunomodulatory nanotherapeutics in oncology. Future research should focus on optimizing cargo loading strategies, <i>in vivo</i> biodistribution analysis, and optimization of targeting strategies for specific tumor types, including lung cancer. Ultimately, integrating scalable manufacturing with precise therapeutic design will accelerate the clinical translation of immune cell-derived exosomes as safe and effective platforms in cancer nanomedicine.