Toxoplasmic encephalitis unmasked during treatment for miliary tuberculosis in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection: a case report and literature review
TE can emerge during immune recovery at CD4 counts > 100 cells/µL when corticosteroid administration coincides with early ART. In patients receiving tuberculosis treatment who develop new brain lesions soon after ART, T. gondii polymerase chain reaction and prompt antiparasitic therapy should be pursued. Rifabutin permits concomitant use of dolutegravir, and TMP-SMX desensitization allows effective treatment and prophylaxis.
Authors
- Ryo Kuwata (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8334-3441)
- Daisuke Mizushima (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8424-4616)
- Kisaburo Nagamune (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0212-6726)
- Haruka Uemura (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2096-8620)
- Eri Inoue (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7622-8170)
- Hiroyuki Gatanaga (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9191-9984)
- Fumiya Kawahara
- Akira Kawashima (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0523-7966)
- Naokatsu Ando (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5520-2780)
- Katsuji Teruya
- Takato Nakamoto (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0547-1026)
- Yuta Kubono
- Takahiro Aoki (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4451-599X)
Institutions
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases (JP)
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine (JP)
- Kumamoto University Hospital (JP)
- Kumamoto University (JP)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Tropical Medicine and Health
- Published
- 2025-12-01
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-025-00852-z
- Primary Topic
- Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine