Analysis of Factors Influencing Skin Factor in Conventional Perforation Completion and Prediction Model Research

Perforation completion is one of the primary methods for putting oil and gas wells into production, and the influencing factors and prediction of perforation skin factors have long been key research topics in the petroleum industry. This study systematically investigates the effects of multiple factors (including perforation depth, phase angle, shot density, hole diameter, damage zone depth, and damage severity) on the perforation skin factor in both low-permeability and medium-to-high-permeability reservoirs. The research first established a coupled flow model for conventional perforation completion using ANSYS Fluent 2024R1 numerical simulation software, which integrates perforation geometric parameters and formation damage-related parameters; then, conducting single-factor sensitivity analysis to obtain qualitative relationships between individual perforation parameters and well skin factor; it subsequently uses orthogonal experimental design to explore multi-factor combined effects and applied gray correlation theory to calculate factor-skin factor correlation coefficients; finally, it adopts the least squares method for linear and nonlinear fitting based on orthogonal experimental data (with linear fitting average error of 45.3% and nonlinear fitting error of 7.4%, thus selecting the nonlinear formula as the prediction model). The findings provide valuable insights for optimizing perforation parameters and predicting well skin factors under different reservoir conditions.