Advances in Problematic Soil Stabilization: State-of-the-Art

Problematics soils that include expansive clays, collapsible loess, and organic soils are challenging from a geotechnical perspective due to weak engineering characteristics such as height compressibility, low shear strength, and sensitivity to moisture variation. This paper presents a comprehensive review of various soil stabilization techniques developed to address these challenges. The focus is on a diverse range of stabilization methods, including traditional approaches, chemical treatments, nanotechnology-based solutions, biological interventions, and mechanical techniques. The review examines how these methods affect key soil properties such as strength, durability, and resilience. Additionally, the paper evaluates the environmental impact, economic feasibility, and sustainability of each stabilization technique. By synthesizing the strengths and limitations of each method, this study provides a comparative analysis, offering insights into the selection of appropriate strategies based on specific site conditions, project requirements, and performance objectives. The findings serve as a valuable resource for engineers and researchers seeking to optimize soil stabilization practices while balancing technical, environmental, and economic considerations.