Effect of Chitosan and Curcumin-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles on Buffalo Granulosa Cells Viability, Antioxidant Capacity and Transcription Profile Under In Vitro Culture Conditions

The purpose of the current study was to investigate the protective effect of chitosan nanoparticle and curcumin loded chitosan nanoparticles in three different concentration in relation to buffalo granulosa cells (bGCs) viability ,antioxidant capacity and gene expression pattern under in vitro culture condition. Harvested GCs were cultured for 24 h of confluence at 37.5ºC followed by suplemention with chitosan nanoparticle and curcumin loded chitosan nanoparticles to TCM media at levels of 2, 4 and 6 μg/ml or kept without treatment as control group. The results showed that viability of granulosa cells was significantly inecreased (P < 0.05) in group of curcumin loded chitosan with concentration (2µg/ml) (91.5 ± 4.6 ) compared to control group (61.8 ± 1.1). The enzymes activity showed that the lowest concentration of curcumin -loaded chitosan (2µg/ml) leads to the highest activity of TAC, and lowest activity of MDA, while curcumin -loaded chitosan with concentration (6µg/ml) showed inversely pattern. There was an upward trend in increase E2 secretion as increase concentration of curcumin loded chitosan, being greater (P ≤ 0.05) for the GCs which cultured with curcumin loded chitosan with concentration (6µg/ml) compared to other groups. The relative abundance of SOD1 mRNA transcript was markedly greater (P ≤ 0.05) in curcumin loded chitosan with concentration ( 2µg/ml) compared to chitosan and control group .In conclusion optimal effects of curcumin loded chitosan nanoparticles exhibted at lower concentrations, which improved metabolic activity and antioxidant defense, transcription profile in buffalo granulosa cells under in vitro culture conditions.