Vitamin D Status in Women with a History of Infertility, and History of Pregnancy Loss in Al-Qalyubia Governorate

Background: A transcription regulator presents in the endometrium, the HOXA-10 gene is regulated by Vitamin D (Vit D). This function enables the functional differentiation of the endometrium, which is essential for the efficacy of implantation processes during the early weeks of pregnancy. However, these procedures may inevitably result in the termination of a pregnancy. This study aimed to investigate the association between Vit D status and the history of infertility, and history of pregnancy loss in women residing in the Al-Qalyubia Government. Methods: This prospective observational study that was carried on 100 patients aged 20-40 years old with infertility and history of pregnancy loss. All patients underwent investigations of vit D and hormone levels such as estrogen, progesterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol 2 and thyroid stimulating hormone. Results: The level of vitamin D was significantly inversely correlated with infertility, suggesting that a decrease in vitamin D levels was associated with an increase in infertility. The infertility can be significantly predicted by vitamin D with an area under the curve of 0.920 at a cut-off value of ≤13 ng/ml. The sensitivity is 85.19%, the specificity is 88.89%, the positive predictive value (PPV) is 92.0%, and the negative predictive value (NPV) is 80.0%.Conclusion: Vit D levels were negatively correlated with infertility in women who had a history of miscarriage or infertility. A lower vitamin D status is linked to a higher risk of infertility, suggesting that vitamin D deficiency may have an impact on reproductive health.