Comparative analysis on magneto <i>γ</i> -Al2O3 nanoparticles in different base fluids with viscous dissipation and non-linear thermal radiation in vertical stretching sheet with porous medium

Purpose This study aims to provide a comparative analysis of γ-Al2O3 nanoparticles dispersed in water and ethylene glycol, focusing on their thermal and flow behaviors influenced by viscous dissipation and non-linear thermal radiation over a vertical stretching sheet embedded in a porous medium. Additionally, a uniform transverse magnetic field is applied, and the flow is considered under mixed convection conditions with suction effects. Design/methodology/approach The mathematical model, originally expressed as partial differential equations, is transformed into ordinary differential equations using a similarity transformation. The resulting dimensionless, non-linear equations governing the velocity and temperature profiles are then solved numerically with the Bvp4c solver in MATLAB. Findings The findings obtained are presented in tabular format for the skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number, and also velocity and temperature profiles are plotted for different cases of governing parameters. Graphs of skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number are also plotted. A sensitivity analysis is also conducted to enhance the interpretability of numerical simulations and computational outputs. Originality/value By focusing on the implications of using various base fluids to enhance the thermal and flow characteristics of magneto Al2O3 nanoparticles, this work extends previous research of γ-Al2O3 nanofluid, exploring previously uncharted parameters and offering valuable insights for industrial and biomedical applications.