Abstract 14: Changes in Medium-Term Cardio-Metabolic Disease Risk for Men of African Descent on Androgen Deprivation Therapy

Abstract Purpose: Prostate cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the majority of sub-Saharan Africa region countries. Androgen deprivation therapy is effective treatment; however, this treatment is associated with complications including metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. Although cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of mortality among prostate cancer patients, there is limited information on ADT impact on metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease risk among Africans. This prospective cohort study was conducted to evaluate cardiovascular disease risk using both metabolic syndrome prevalence and the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association- Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease 10-year risk calculation in African men on androgen deprivation therapy. Methods: An observational prospective cohort study was carried out in Harare, Zimbabwe. Prostate cancer patients due to be initiated on androgen deprivation therapy were assessed for metabolic syndrome and a 10-year Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease 10-year risk probability score and followed as 3 monthly intervals up to 9 months. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III. Results: 16 black Zimbabwean men were enrolled with a median age 72 years. Most participants (59%) had stage IV disease and 75% received surgical castration. At enrolment 12.5% of participants had metabolic syndrome and this increased to 42.9% after 9 months of ADT. Baseline ASCVD risk was in the high risk category for 68.8% of participants and all participants had intermediate/high risk throughout the study. In this cohort, a 30.4% absolute increase in metabolic syndrome prevalence amongst African men with prostate cancer within 9 months of ADT initiation was observed. The most prevalent increases in cardiovascular risk factors were observed in triglyceride, fasting blood sugar and abdominal circumference. Conclusion: Metabolic syndrome prevalence increased consistently during the period of follow-up after androgen deprivation therapy was commenced in men of African ancestry with prostate cancer. Citation Format: Tinashe A. Mazhindu, Ntokozo Ndlovu, Margaret Z. Borok, Shingirirai Z. Meki, Albert Nyamhunga, Edward P. Havranek, Elizabeth R. Kessler, Thomas B. Campbell, Thomas W. Flaig. Changes in Medium-Term Cardio-Metabolic Disease Risk for Men of African Descent on Androgen Deprivation Therapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 13th Annual Symposium on Global Cancer Research; 2025 Sep 16. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2025;34(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 14.