Reduced CD40 expression in B cell subsets of individuals with radiologically isolated syndrome
In this cross-sectional cohort, CD40 expression was lower on transitional, naïve, and memory B cell subsets in RIS compared to CIS/MS and HC, whereas plasmablasts and regulatory B cells were comparable. This pattern is consistent with an altered costimulatory state in early, asymptomatic disease and warrants longitudinal studies to determine its clinical relevance.
Authors
- Ana Quiroga‐Varela (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1989-7113)
- Luciana Midaglia (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7981-2228)
- Andreu Vilaseca (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8147-8505)
- Christian W. Keller (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2276-0003)
- Jan D. Lünemann (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3007-708X)
- José Rodríguez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6765-5587)
- Xavier Montalbán (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0098-9918)
- Alexis García-Sarreón (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2607-4561)
- Maria Protopapa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7707-9050)
- Nicolás Fissolo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7701-9346)
- Gary Álvarez-Bravo
- Josef Shin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3556-125X)
- Lucía Gutiérrez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7312-7254)
- Luisa M. Villar
- Kerstin Stein (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7202-0644)
Institutions
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (DE)
- Universitat de Girona (ES)
- University Medical Center Freiburg (DE)
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (ES)
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (DE)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (ES)
- Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (ES)
- University Hospital Münster (DE)
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (ES)
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (ES)
- Hospital Del Mar (ES)
- Municipal Institute for Medical Research (ES)
- Instituto de Investigación de Enfermedades Raras (ES)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Frontiers in Immunology
- Published
- 2025-12-01
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1680233
- Primary Topic
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III