The Role of Some Gemini Surfactants in Dyeing Silk Fabrics With Dyes Obtained From Walnut Shells

ABSTRACT In recent years, interest in the potential use of plant‐based wastes as raw materials in textile dyeing has been increasing due to their environmental impacts. The current study deals with the dyeing of silk fabrics using natural extracts obtained from walnut shells in the presence of cationic gemini surfactants. This research explores the use of gemini surfactants as mordants to enhance the dyeing strength of walnut shell extracts on silk fabrics. In this study, first, quaternary ammonium type cationic gemini surfactants were synthesized. Second, the synthesized gemini surfactants were added to natural extracts obtained from walnut shells and their effects on the coloring of 100% silk fabrics were investigated. In order to investigate these effects, the dyeing capacity of silk fabrics was measured with extracts obtained from walnut shells in the presence of synthesized gemini surfactants. For this purpose, dye analyses, color measurements, fastness tests, UV protection and antimicrobial activity analyses were carried out according to standardized methods.