A Comprehensive Literature Review of Secondary Complications of Spinal Cord Injury

Spinal cord injury (SCI) and secondary complications (SCs) that occur as a direct result of the injury can be a contributing factor for increased hospitalization and need for specialized healthcare. For instance, level of injury, time since injury, gender, age, and personal health care have shown to increase and/or decrease the incidence rate of specific SCs. The authors conducted a comprehensive literature review for 12 SCs to examine the relative prevalence of each for people with SCI. The data utilized was to determine the probability (>50%) versus the possibility (<50%) of various complications so as to afford those involved in life care planning to make evidence-based decisions regarding inclusion in their plans. The results indicate many SCs do not meet the probability threshold for contributing to the life-long challenges and commensurate financial obligations faced by those with a SCI.