A Case of Multimodal Treatment for Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma with Mediastinal Metastasis

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is one of the most aggressive and lethal solid tumors, and its therapeutic outcomes remain extremely limited. The main objectives of treatment are to minimize the risk of airway obstruction, control disease burden, and relieve symptoms through a multidisciplinary approach. Surgery is recommended only for localized disease when complete resection is feasible, and morbidity is acceptable.A 62-year-old man presented with a right supraclavicular mass and hoarseness. Imaging revealed a right thyroid tumor with lymph node metastases to the supraclavicular, superior mediastinal, subcarinal, and hilar areas. He underwent total thyroidectomy, bilateral central neck dissection, right modified radical neck dissection, and VATS mediastinal lymph node dissection. Final pathology confirmed a squamous cell carcinoma pattern of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. Adjuvant radiotherapy and palliative targeted therapy were administered, and he remained stable for 8 months. This case highlights the potential role of surgery in selected ATC patients.