DWELL TIME DISTRIBUTIONS BY ZONE-ARRIVAL TIME IN LARGE-SCALE SHOPPING MALLS

This paper aims to support facility planning by estimating the dwell time distributions in large-scale shopping malls. A statistical model is first developed to estimate dwell time distributions based on arrival time and zone, using directional pedestrian traffic volumes—measured at five-minute intervals via AI cameras and additional devices. The model is then applied to two large-scale shopping malls (Mall A and Mall B) to estimate zone- and time-specific dwell time distributions for each facility. Additionally, Mall A is further subdivided into smaller zones to explore the relationship between dwell time patterns and spatial characteristics.