Electrically Induced Liquid Metal Resonance Phenomena

ABSTRACT Liquid metals possess excellent electrical conductivity, fluidity, and high density, exhibiting unique electroresponsive characteristics under applied electric fields. This article systematically investigates the instantaneous response, frequency synchronization, and resonance phenomena of gallium‐based liquid metal droplets under square‐wave alternating electric fields. We comprehensively clarify the effects of droplet volume, alloy composition, electric field intensity, and mechanical confinement on electrically induced resonance behavior. In free spaces, we reveal a critical transition in governing laws characterized by the modified Bond number (Bo m ) as the dimensionless parameter. We observe coordinated linear responses of transverse and longitudinal amplitudes to applied electric field amplitude for liquid metal droplets with Bo m < 1, while droplets with Bo m > 1 exhibit nonlinear responses featuring asymmetric deformation and multi‐modal transitions. Within confined channels, droplets display multi‐mode standing wave patterns, with the number of surface wave crests correlating with droplet volume. Multi‐droplet systems display collective dynamics modulated by array size and the spatial positioning of droplets within the collective. These findings establish theoretical foundations for controlling and amplifying the electrically induced behavior of positionally stable liquid metal droplets, and open new pathways for developing liquid metal resonance‐based multi‐excitation point mixers, flexible actuators, and reconfigurable electronic systems.