Strategic Requirements for Establishing and Operating Global Energy Hubs

Due to growing geopolitical tensions and uncertainty, energy supplies have recently become more vulnerable, endangering the safety of energy supply chains. It has therefore become essential to enhance the security and sustainability of energy supplies by establishing energy hubs (EHs) along energy transmission routes. These hubs offer a practical solution that facilitates energy import, conversion, storage, and export, thereby improving energy trade and exchange between producing and consuming countries. Nevertheless, the successful establishment and operation of these EHs is difficult and calls for several requirements. This study aims to develop a practical framework that includes the main requirements for the effective establishment and operation of global energy hubs (GEHs). A mixed-method approach was employed, incorporating in-depth interviews with key stakeholders and survey data from 53 oil and gas companies. The study identified critical success factors for establishing and operating GEHs, including geographical location, infrastructure readiness, environmental stability, geopolitical positioning, and stakeholder collaboration. It combines scientific and practical components into a comprehensive reference that provides policymakers and energy planners with actionable guidance for establishing and operating GEHs. The research findings would support the sustainability and resilience of energy supply chains. The study also offers a strategic roadmap for nations looking to develop GEHs. Future research is encouraged to assess energy hub performance under different geographies and markets to enhance adaptability and efficiency.