Differential effects of fetal bovine serum and human platelet lysate on mesenchymal stromal cell-mediated support of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells: a functional and transcriptomic analysis

MSC cultured in hPL- or FBS-supplemented media display significant and reversible transcriptomic differences impacting HSPC expansion. Medium adaptation rapidly reprograms MSC phenotype and gene expression, highlighting responsiveness to environmental cues. Differential expression of key hematopoietic regulatory genes supports the observed functional disparities. These results provide a mechanistic basis for MSC-mediated HSPC support and lay groundwork for optimizing xeno-free expansion systems for clinical application.