Profile of Salivary Gland Tumor in Aseer Region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Introduction: Salivary gland tumors (SGTs) were uncommon growths that could develop in the major and minor salivary glands. This study explored the prevalence, clinical features, pathology, and treatment approaches for SGTs within the Aseer region of Saudi Arabia. Methods: A retrospective analysis of medical records from one of the major hospitals of the Aseer region was conducted. The study covered a defined period, such as the past 5 years. Data were collected on patients diagnosed with SGTs. This data included patient demographics, tumor characteristics (location, size, cell type), diagnostic techniques (fine-needle aspiration cytology, imaging studies), treatment details (surgery, radiation therapy), and clinical outcomes (recurrence, spread to other organs). Results: The findings indicated that benign tumors were more prevalent, accounting for approximately 90% of cases. Pleomorphic adenomas were the most common type of benign tumor identified. Malignant tumors, including mucoepidermoid carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified, and acinic cell carcinoma, were less frequent, representing around 10% of cases. Interestingly, majority of the biopsies (90%) were performed on a single site. Conclusion: The predominance of benign growths, particularly pleomorphic adenomas, highlighted the importance of obtaining an accurate diagnosis. In addition, the limited use of adjuvant therapy (additional treatment following surgery) warranted further investigation in a larger study.