A Single-Center Retrospective Study on Endoscopic Surgery and Craniotomy in Spontaneous Superficial Supratentorial Lobar Hemorrhages: Which Approach Yields Better Outcomes?

Endoscopic evacuation of superficial supratentorial lobar hemorrhages was associated with shorter operative time, less blood loss, and higher 1-year survival compared with craniotomy despite baseline differences such as intraventricular hemorrhage and midline shift. Higher preoperative GCS and earlier surgery also predicted better outcomes. Given the retrospective design, baseline imbalances, and modest sample size, these findings should be interpreted cautiously. Larger prospective studies are needed to confirm the clinical benefits of endoscopic treatment.