Bipolar Disorder as a Long‐Term Risk Factor for Parkinson's Disease: A Nationwide Case–Control Study
BD is associated with a significantly elevated risk of PD, observable decades before PD onset. These findings suggest that BD may reflect a long-term vulnerability to PD rather than a short-term prodromal state, emphasizing the need to explore shared pathophysiological mechanisms. © 2025 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Authors
- Marjaana Koponen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7316-8360)
- Sirpa Hartikainen
- Jarmo Hietala (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3179-6780)
- Valtteri Kaasinen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3446-7093)
- Anna‐Maija Tolppanen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9270-9268)
- Elina Jaakkola (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8003-1346)
Institutions
- University of Helsinki (FI)
- University of Turku (FI)
- University of Eastern Finland (FI)
- Helsinki University Hospital (FI)
- Turku University Hospital (FI)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Movement Disorders
- Published
- 2025-11-29
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.70135
- Citations
- 4
- Primary Topic
- Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 5.56
Funders
- Sanofi
- Teva Pharmaceutical Industries
- Suomen Lääketieteen Säätiö
- European Commission
- Suomen Kulttuurirahasto
- Eisai
- Päivikki ja Sakari Sohlbergin Säätiö
- Turun Yliopistollinen Keskussairaala
- H. Lundbeck A/S
- Parkinsonfonden