Predictive modeling of tire wear dynamics in reach stackers: Integrating multiphysics simulations for lifetime optimization under variable operational and environmental conditions

This study presents a comprehensive simulation-based approach to predict the lifecycle of tires utilized in reach stackers, which operate under a variety of challenging conditions and heavy loads. By employing advanced vehicle force simulations, we systematically assess tire wear across a range of operational parameters, including container load, vehicle speed, turning radius, and friction coefficient. We also explore the effects of environmental variations, such as changes in friction coefficients, alongside critical tire properties like Poisson’s ratio. Our results indicate that strategic adjustments—such as reducing vehicle speed by 35%, increasing the turning radius by 100%, decreasing container load by 25%, enhancing friction coefficient by 20%, raising Poisson’s ratio by 25%, and boosting tire tread density by 42%—can yield significant reductions in tire wear, quantified as 11%, 10%, 26%, 21%, 7%, and 13%, respectively. Notably, our analysis reveals that dynamic wear is predominantly driven by container load, with a 25% reduction in load leading to a remarkable 21% decrease in wear. These insights pave the way for the design of tires specifically tailored to meet the demanding requirements of reach stackers, while also optimizing maintenance strategies and prolonging tire lifespan.